Improvement in forges



T. O. MORRISON", E. J. MILDREN, & M00. MOORE.

Forge.

' N10. 200,562. Ptentd Feb. 19,1878.

. a r% s 7- N PETERS PHOTO LTHOGRAPHER WASHINGTON D C UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS C. MORRISON, OF BRADYS BEND, AND EDWARD J. MILDREN AND MOOONNELMOORE, OF BLACK LIOK, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN FORGES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 200,562, dated February19, 1878 application filed November 24, 1877.

like parts Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of our lmproved hearthfor forges, showing a crosssection of the reflecting-arch and alongitudmal section of the blast pipe or nozzle. Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional view of the device, taken at right angles to the plane ofsection shown in Fig. 1; and .Fig. 3 is a perspective vlew of the liningemployed in the hearth.

In forges designed for heavy work, as in manufacturing or repairingoil-well tools, railway supplies, &c., it is customary to bank up thefires, as it is termed, in order to retain the heat, as far as possible,within the fire. Considerable time is required to perform this operationand bring the fire to a proper workingcondition. Inconvenience and lossof time are also incurred in clearing such fires of cinders, ashes, &c.

Our invention is designed to overcome these difficulties, and in sodoing we are enabled to economize fuel and secure a better fire than canbe had by the means in common use.

Our improvementconsists of a hearth or bed, A, which may be supported atthe proper elevation in the usual or any convenient way. The size ofthis hearth may be varied to adapt it to different classes of work, andits outer configuration or form may be polygonal or circular, asconvenience may suggest.

We prefer to make this hearth of some considerable depth, as shown, andfrom its upper face we make a conical or bell-shaped cavity, a.

A blast-pipe, b, is connected with the hearth, which introduces theusual air-blast to the cavity a, through the hole or opening 0.

We prefer to arrange the opening 0 above the bottom of the cavity a, soas to allow space below the point of introducing the blast for ashes,cinders, &c.

We also prefer to make use of a lining, d, for the cavity a, the form ofwhich is adapted to the general form of the cavity. An opening, 0, isprovided in this lining corresponding to the blast-openin g c.

Several advantages attend the use of such a lining, as the fact that itmay be cheaply and easily replaced with a new one, and thus continuallyprevent the hearth from becoming worn away by use and, again, byintroducing a lever through the opening 0, the lining may be startedfrom its seat and removed to empty out the refuse of the fire.

The hearth may be used without such lining, however, and in that case weprovide a hole, h, in the hearth, through which the cavity a may bereadily cleared.

In order to retain the heat and obviate the necessity of banking thefire, we provide a reflecting hood or arch, O, which closes the fire infrom above and on two sides. This reflecting-arch may rest on the hearthA, or on other convenient supports, and, if desired, may be secured inplace in any convenient way.

When irons of considerable length are to be heated, this reflector isleft open on two opposite sides, as shown in Fig. 1, and the .iron ispassed through the fire under the reflecting-arch. I But when the endsof irons or short pieces are to be heated, we prefer to close one ofthese open ends of the arch O by means of a tile, B, Fig. 2, and thusmore effectually inclose the fire and retain the heat. This tile B maybe secured in place in any convenient way, so that it may be readilyremoved when desired.

We prefer to make the several parts of this device-as the hearth A,lining d, arch O, and tile Bof fire clay or other plastic refractorymaterial, which is manipulated in the usual way in working suchmaterial.

' We are aware that it is not new to mount a hinged hood on aforge-hearth, so that it may cover and inclose the fire, except at ventand smoke holes, on all sides; but such construction gives in effect aclose fire. The manipulations necessary to forge operations, such asadding fuel, stirring up the fire, shifting the position of irons, &'c.,cannot in such construction be performed Without removing the hood. Thearch which we have described and shown, with or without the back tile,gives, in effect, an open fire, in which all forge operations may becarried on while the arch is in place, or without changing its position.

We claim herein as our invention- 1. The forge-hearth A, of fire-clay orother plastic refractory material, having a cavity, a, a lateralblast-hole, 0, for air, and a bottom hole, h, for cleaning,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of hearthA and removable fire-clay lining d,substantially as described.

3. As a device for promoting combustion and heat in open fires, whilenot interfering with ordinary forge operations, a fixed as distinguishedfrom a hinged arch, 0, open its entire or nearly its entire height andwidth on two opposite sides, in combination with the hearth A,substantially as set forth;

4. A fixed as distinguished from a hinged arch, 0, open in front itsentire or nearly its enour hands.

THoMAs o. MORRISON. EDWARD J. MILDREN. MGOONNEL MOORE.

Witnesses for Morrison:

JOHN MILDREN, J'. L. MILDREN, Jr.

WVitnesses for Mildrenan'd Moore:

HALSEY W. SHANNON, JOHN A. Omens.

